{ "version": "3.50", "generated": "2026-07-24T22:30:46Z", "councils": [ { "n": 1, "name": "Nicaea I", "year": "325", "place": "Nicaea", "participants": "Constantine I; c. 250–318 bishops", "dispute": "Arianism and the consubstantial divinity of the Son", "definitions": "Nicene faith; homoousios; 20 disciplinary canons", "link": "lexicon-council-of-nicaea-i.html", "short": "Arianism condemned; the Son confessed as consubstantial with the Father.", "sessions": "The bishops met at Nicaea in the summer of 325. The surviving dossier is incomplete, but the creed, synodal letter, Easter settlement and twenty disciplinary canons preserve the council’s principal acts.", "actors": "Alexander of Alexandria, Hosius of Cordoba, Eusebius of Caesarea, the young deacon Athanasius, Arius and Emperor Constantine.", "documents": "Nicene Creed; synodal letter to Egypt; twenty canons; conciliar decision on the Paschal observance.", "legacy": "The term homoousios became the decisive safeguard of the Son’s full divinity. The continuing Arian crisis led to the reception and expansion of the creed at Constantinople I.", "slug": "nicaea-i", "sourceStatus": "1 local full-text source record available. Editorial summaries remain distinct from the imported source texts.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The creed and anti-Arian definition are dogmatic. The twenty canons are ecclesiastical discipline and must be read according to their subject and later reception.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Nicene Creed; synodal letter to Egypt; twenty canons; conciliar decision on the Paschal observance.", "anathemas": "The creed’s appended anathemas reject the claims that the Son “was not” before being begotten, came from nothing, or is of another hypostasis or substance than the Father.", "convocation": "Convoked by Emperor Constantine I after the dispute surrounding Arius had spread beyond Alexandria. The Roman see was represented by the presbyters Vitus and Vincent; Hosius of Cordoba exercised a leading role, although the exact presidency of the sessions is not completely documented.", "pope": "Pope Sylvester I did not attend personally. Vitus and Vincent signed among the Roman representatives; Hosius of Cordoba was the most prominent Western bishop.", "politics": "Constantine sought ecclesial peace after the end of major persecution and supported the council’s practical execution without becoming the source of its dogmatic authority.", "positions": "Arius and his supporters treated the Son as a creature brought into being by the Father. The conciliar confession declared the Son begotten, not made, and homoousios—of one substance—with the Father.", "confirmation": "No single later papal confirmation instrument survives in the modern juridical form. Roman acceptance and the universal reception of the Nicene faith form part of the council’s ecclesial reception.", "canonsDetail": "Twenty canons regulate clerical discipline, episcopal jurisdiction, reconciliation of the lapsed, the status of certain schismatics, and liturgical posture on Sundays and during Pentecost.", "period": "ancient", "sources": [ { "label": "Henry R. Percival, The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF II.14, public-domain edition)", "url": "https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.html", "type": "public-domain-text" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 document-level segmented reader text available; 1 local source volume available and listed separately from reader texts. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Nicene Creed with appended anathemas", "Synodal letter to the Church of Alexandria", "Decision on the Paschal observance", "Canons 1–20", "Surviving conciliar and imperial correspondence" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 1, "councilCorpusCount": 0, "sourceVolumeCount": 1, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-1" }, { "n": 2, "name": "Constantinople I", "year": "381", "place": "Constantinople", "participants": "Theodosius I; c. 150 Eastern bishops", "dispute": "Arian survivals, Macedonianism, Apollinarianism", "definitions": "Expanded Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed; divinity of the Holy Ghost", "link": "lexicon-council-of-constantinople-i.html", "short": "The divinity of the Holy Ghost was affirmed and the Nicene faith consolidated.", "sessions": "Convened in 381 under Theodosius I, the assembly passed through the presidencies of Meletius of Antioch, Gregory of Nazianzus and Nectarius. It was initially Eastern in composition and was later received as ecumenical.", "actors": "Meletius of Antioch, Gregory of Nazianzus, Gregory of Nyssa, Cyril of Jerusalem, Nectarius and Emperor Theodosius I.", "documents": "The Nicene-Constantinopolitan profession of faith as received by the Church; doctrinal and disciplinary canons, including the condemnation of Macedonianism and Apollinarianism.", "legacy": "The council completed the classical conciliar confession of the Trinity and provided the creed used in the liturgy of East and West.", "slug": "constantinople-i", "sourceStatus": "1 local full-text source record available. Editorial summaries remain distinct from the imported source texts.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Its Trinitarian teaching and creed are dogmatic. Its canons are disciplinary; their reception differed, especially canon 3.", "formulae": "", "canons": "The Nicene-Constantinopolitan profession of faith as received by the Church; doctrinal and disciplinary canons, including the condemnation of Macedonianism and Apollinarianism.", "anathemas": "The first canon anathematizes Eunomians, Anomoeans, Arians, Eudoxians, Semi-Arians, Pneumatomachi, Sabellians, Marcellians, Photinians and Apollinarians.", "convocation": "Convoked by Emperor Theodosius I in 381 as an Eastern episcopal assembly to settle continuing Trinitarian disputes and restore ecclesiastical order in Constantinople.", "pope": "Pope Damasus I was not represented by legates. The council was later received in the West as ecumenical, while the disciplinary precedence granted to Constantinople in canon 3 remained contested at Rome.", "politics": "Theodosius had established Nicene Christianity as the imperial norm and sought a stable episcopal settlement in the capital.", "positions": "The council rejected Eunomian and Arian reductions of the Son, Macedonian denial of the Holy Ghost’s divinity, and Apollinarian impairment of Christ’s complete humanity.", "confirmation": "Ecumenical authority arose through later papal and universal reception, especially at Chalcedon, rather than through an immediate Roman legatine confirmation.", "canonsDetail": "The surviving canons condemn named heresies, regulate reception into the Church, and address ecclesiastical order and territorial jurisdiction.", "period": "ancient", "sources": [ { "label": "Henry R. Percival, The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF II.14, public-domain edition)", "url": "https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.html", "type": "public-domain-text" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented; 1 local source volume available and listed separately from reader texts. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed as received by the Church", "Canons 1–7 in the received canonical corpus", "Synodal letter of 382 concerning the council and the faith" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 1, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-2" }, { "n": 3, "name": "Ephesus", "year": "431", "place": "Ephesus", "participants": "Theodosius II; c. 200 bishops", "dispute": "Nestorius, the unity of Christ, title Theotokos", "definitions": "Mary proclaimed Theotokos; one divine Person of Christ", "link": "lexicon-council-of-ephesus.html", "short": "Nestorius was condemned and Mary confessed as Theotokos because Christ is one divine Person.", "sessions": "The council opened at Ephesus in June 431 amid procedural conflict. Cyril’s majority assembly, the later arrival of the Antiochene delegation, and the intervention of papal legates produced parallel sessions before an eventual reconciliation formula in 433.", "actors": "Cyril of Alexandria, Nestorius, John of Antioch, Memnon of Ephesus, papal legates and Emperor Theodosius II.", "documents": "Cyril’s second letter to Nestorius; condemnation and deposition of Nestorius; conciliar acts; canons against altering the Nicene faith.", "legacy": "Ephesus safeguarded the unity of Christ’s Person and permanently established Theotokos as a Christological confession, not merely a Marian title.", "slug": "ephesus", "sourceStatus": "1 local full-text source record available. Editorial summaries remain distinct from the imported source texts.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The Christological judgment and reception of Cyril’s second letter are dogmatic. Procedural acts and disciplinary canons have their proper historical and juridical scope.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Cyril’s second letter to Nestorius; condemnation and deposition of Nestorius; conciliar acts; canons against altering the Nicene faith.", "anathemas": "Cyril’s twelve anathemas belong to the controversy’s doctrinal dossier, but their exact conciliar status must be distinguished from the council’s formal reception of Cyril’s letters and judgment.", "convocation": "Convoked by Emperor Theodosius II. Cyril of Alexandria presided over the opening assembly; papal legates arrived later carrying the mandate of Pope Celestine I.", "pope": "Celestine I had already judged Nestorius and commissioned Cyril to execute the sentence if Nestorius refused correction. The Roman legates subsequently associated themselves with the conciliar judgment.", "politics": "Imperial officials attempted to control procedure amid rivalry between the Alexandrian and Antiochene delegations and competing assemblies at Ephesus.", "positions": "Nestorius resisted language that seemed to attribute divine predicates to Christ’s humanity. Cyril insisted that the one born of Mary is the eternal Word incarnate; therefore Mary is rightly Theotokos.", "confirmation": "The doctrinal judgment against Nestorius was supported by Pope Celestine and received by the Church. The later Formula of Reunion of 433 clarified reconciliation between Cyril and John of Antioch.", "canonsDetail": "The council forbade composing a rival faith against the Nicene confession and enacted measures concerning adherents of Nestorius and ecclesiastical jurisdiction.", "period": "ancient", "sources": [ { "label": "Henry R. Percival, The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF II.14, public-domain edition)", "url": "https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.html", "type": "public-domain-text" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented; 1 local source volume available and listed separately from reader texts. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Conciliar acts and session records", "Cyril of Alexandria’s Second Letter to Nestorius", "Cyril’s Third Letter and Twelve Anathemas in the doctrinal dossier", "Sentence and deposition of Nestorius", "Decree against composing another faith", "Canons 1–8", "Synodal letters" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 1, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-3" }, { "n": 4, "name": "Chalcedon", "year": "451", "place": "Chalcedon", "participants": "Marcian; c. 520 bishops and representatives", "dispute": "Eutychianism and the relation of Christ’s natures", "definitions": "One Person in two natures, without confusion or division; 28 canons", "link": "lexicon-council-of-chalcedon.html", "short": "Christ was defined as one Person in two complete natures, without confusion or division.", "sessions": "Sixteen sessions were held at Chalcedon in October and November 451. The council examined the acts of the “Robber Council,” received Leo’s Tome, judged Dioscorus and formulated a new definition.", "actors": "Papal legates, Anatolius of Constantinople, Paschasinus, Emperor Marcian, Empress Pulcheria, Dioscorus of Alexandria and the memory of Flavian.", "documents": "Definition of Chalcedon; reception of Leo’s Tome and Cyril’s letters; twenty-eight canons; acts concerning Eutyches and Dioscorus.", "legacy": "The Chalcedonian formula became the normative grammar of Catholic Christology, while its reception also marked the separation of the non-Chalcedonian churches.", "slug": "chalcedon", "sourceStatus": "1 local full-text source record available. Editorial summaries remain distinct from the imported source texts.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The definition of faith is dogmatic. The canons are disciplinary and include provisions whose Roman reception was qualified.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Definition of Chalcedon; reception of Leo’s Tome and Cyril’s letters; twenty-eight canons; acts concerning Eutyches and Dioscorus.", "anathemas": "The definition closes with exclusion from communion for those who dare to compose, teach or transmit another faith contrary to the conciliar confession.", "convocation": "Convoked by Emperor Marcian and Empress Pulcheria. Papal legates presided in the name of Pope Leo I, while imperial commissioners directed the external order of the sessions.", "pope": "Leo I’s Tome to Flavian was examined and acclaimed as consonant with the faith of Peter, Cyril and the preceding councils. Leo later confirmed the doctrinal decree while rejecting canon 28’s elevation of Constantinople.", "politics": "The council reversed the coercive proceedings of Ephesus 449 and sought an imperial and ecclesial settlement after the death of Theodosius II.", "positions": "Eutychian confusion or absorption of Christ’s humanity was rejected together with Nestorian division. The definition confesses one and the same Christ in two natures without confusion, change, division or separation.", "confirmation": "Pope Leo I confirmed the dogmatic definition. He withheld approval from canon 28, demonstrating that doctrinal confirmation and disciplinary reception were not mechanically identical.", "canonsDetail": "Twenty-eight canons address episcopal administration, monasteries, clergy, judicial appeals, ordinations, ecclesiastical property and the disputed rank of Constantinople.", "period": "ancient", "sources": [ { "label": "Henry R. Percival, The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF II.14, public-domain edition)", "url": "https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.html", "type": "public-domain-text" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented; 1 local source volume available and listed separately from reader texts. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Tome of Leo to Flavian", "Second Letter of Cyril to Nestorius", "Definition of Chalcedon", "Acts of the sessions", "Canons 1–28", "Letters to Pope Leo I and Emperor Marcian" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 1, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-4" }, { "n": 5, "name": "Constantinople II", "year": "553", "place": "Constantinople", "participants": "Justinian I; c. 165 bishops", "dispute": "The Three Chapters and post-Chalcedonian reconciliation", "definitions": "Condemnation of the Three Chapters; defence of Chalcedon", "link": "lexicon-council-of-constantinople-ii.html", "short": "The Three Chapters were condemned while the authority of Chalcedon was defended.", "sessions": "Eight sessions met at Constantinople in May and June 553 under imperial pressure and without Pope Vigilius in attendance. The council judged writings associated with Theodore of Mopsuestia, Theodoret and Ibas.", "actors": "Emperor Justinian I, Patriarch Eutychius, Pope Vigilius, Theodore Ascidas and the bishops of the imperial capital.", "documents": "Conciliar sentence and fourteen anathemas against the Three Chapters; reaffirmation of Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus and Chalcedon.", "legacy": "The council sought reconciliation with anti-Chalcedonian Christians but generated a long Western controversy over papal assent and conciliar reception.", "slug": "constantinople-ii", "sourceStatus": "1 local full-text source record available. Editorial summaries remain distinct from the imported source texts.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The doctrinal condemnation and fourteen anathemas were received as ecumenical. Historical judgments about persons and texts must be read in their precise object.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Conciliar sentence and fourteen anathemas against the Three Chapters; reaffirmation of Nicaea, Constantinople, Ephesus and Chalcedon.", "anathemas": "Fourteen anathemas defend the Trinity, the Incarnation, the personal unity of Christ, the title Theotokos, Chalcedon rightly understood, and the condemnation of the Three Chapters.", "convocation": "Convoked by Emperor Justinian I in 553 to address the Three Chapters and to defend a Cyrilline reading of Chalcedon.", "pope": "Pope Vigilius remained in Constantinople but refused to attend. His first Constitutum differed from the council; he later accepted the condemnation and confirmed the council after further conflict.", "politics": "Justinian hoped condemnation of writings associated with Antiochene Christology would reconcile anti-Chalcedonian Christians without abandoning Chalcedon.", "positions": "Opponents feared that condemning Theodore, selected writings of Theodoret and the letter of Ibas would compromise Chalcedon. The council maintained that persons or writings could be judged without overturning the fourth council.", "confirmation": "Papal assent followed the council after a difficult sequence of documents and pressure. The episode requires chronological precision and cannot be reduced to a simple simultaneous papal presidency.", "canonsDetail": "The council produced doctrinal capitula rather than a broad disciplinary code.", "period": "ancient", "sources": [ { "label": "Henry R. Percival, The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF II.14, public-domain edition)", "url": "https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.html", "type": "public-domain-text" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented; 1 local source volume available and listed separately from reader texts. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Conciliar sentence", "Fourteen anathemas concerning the Three Chapters and Christology", "Acts and imperial-papal correspondence" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 1, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-5" }, { "n": 6, "name": "Constantinople III", "year": "680–681", "place": "Constantinople", "participants": "Constantine IV; c. 170 bishops", "dispute": "Monothelitism and monoenergism", "definitions": "Two natural wills and operations in Christ; condemnation of Honorius for negligence in preserving the apostolic teaching", "link": "lexicon-council-of-constantinople-iii.html", "short": "Two natural wills and two natural operations were confessed in the one Person of Christ.", "sessions": "Eighteen sessions were held from 680 to 681. The council examined patristic texts, imperial formulas and the correspondence of the Monothelite controversy before issuing its dogmatic definition.", "actors": "Emperor Constantine IV, papal legates of Agatho, Patriarch George of Constantinople, Macarius of Antioch and representatives of the Eastern patriarchates.", "documents": "Dogmatic definition on two wills and operations; condemnation of Monothelite leaders and of Honorius for failing to preserve the apostolic teaching; conciliar acts.", "legacy": "The definition completed the Christological trajectory of Chalcedon by safeguarding Christ’s complete human willing and action.", "slug": "constantinople-iii", "sourceStatus": "1 local full-text source record available. Editorial summaries remain distinct from the imported source texts.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The definition on Christ’s two natural wills and operations is dogmatic. The personal condemnations belong to the authoritative conciliar judgment in their stated terms.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Dogmatic definition on two wills and operations; condemnation of Monothelite leaders and of Honorius for failing to preserve the apostolic teaching; conciliar acts.", "anathemas": "The council anathematized the principal Monothelite teachers and included Honorius among those condemned in the acts; later papal confirmation described his negligence with precision.", "convocation": "Convoked by Emperor Constantine IV. Papal legates carried the synodal letter and doctrinal profession of Pope Agatho.", "pope": "Agatho’s teaching on the apostolic faith of the Roman Church was received in the conciliar acts. Pope Leo II later confirmed the council and specified Honorius’s fault as failure to preserve and purify the apostolic tradition.", "politics": "The empire sought to end decades of Monothelite compromise formulas that had failed to reconcile Chalcedonian and non-Chalcedonian Christians.", "positions": "Monothelitism affirmed one will or one operation in Christ. The council taught two natural wills and two natural operations, divine and human, harmoniously united in the one divine Person.", "confirmation": "Confirmed by Pope Leo II after Agatho’s death. Leo’s letters are essential for interpreting the condemnation of Honorius.", "canonsDetail": "The council issued a dogmatic definition and acts, not a separate disciplinary canon collection.", "period": "ancient", "sources": [ { "label": "Henry R. Percival, The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF II.14, public-domain edition)", "url": "https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.html", "type": "public-domain-text" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented; 1 local source volume available and listed separately from reader texts. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Dogmatic definition on two natural wills and operations in Christ", "Acts of the eighteen sessions", "Condemnation lists and synodal acclamations", "Letters of confirmation and reception" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 1, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-6" }, { "n": 7, "name": "Nicaea II", "year": "787", "place": "Nicaea", "participants": "Empress Irene and Constantine VI; c. 350 bishops", "dispute": "Iconoclasm", "definitions": "Legitimacy of sacred images; distinction of veneration from adoration; 22 canons", "link": "lexicon-council-of-nicaea-ii.html", "short": "Sacred images were restored, with veneration distinguished from the adoration owed to God alone.", "sessions": "The council met in 787, beginning at Constantinople and completing its work at Nicaea. It examined biblical, patristic and historical testimony for the use and honour of images.", "actors": "Empress Irene, Constantine VI, Patriarch Tarasius, papal legates and bishops from the Eastern patriarchates.", "documents": "Dogmatic horos on sacred images; twenty-two canons; extensive florilegium of patristic witnesses; letters to the pope and emperor.", "legacy": "Nicaea II supplied the classical Catholic distinction between relative veneration and divine adoration and ended the first iconoclast crisis.", "slug": "nicaea-ii", "sourceStatus": "1 local full-text source record available. Editorial summaries remain distinct from the imported source texts.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The horos concerning sacred images is dogmatic. The twenty-two canons regulate ecclesiastical discipline.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Dogmatic horos on sacred images; twenty-two canons; extensive florilegium of patristic witnesses; letters to the pope and emperor.", "anathemas": "The horos anathematizes those who reject the ecclesiastical tradition of holy images or apply scriptural condemnations of idols indiscriminately to Christian iconography.", "convocation": "Convoked under Empress Irene and Emperor Constantine VI. Patriarch Tarasius presided; papal legates represented Pope Hadrian I.", "pope": "Hadrian I supplied letters defending sacred images and accepted the doctrinal settlement, while questions concerning translations and certain disciplinary claims required qualification.", "politics": "The council reversed the iconoclast council of Hieria (754) and restored communion after decades of imperial iconoclasm.", "positions": "Iconoclasts treated religious images as illicit or idolatrous. The council distinguished the relative honour shown to an image from latria, the adoration owed to God alone.", "confirmation": "Received by Pope Hadrian I and the universal Church as the seventh ecumenical council.", "canonsDetail": "The canons address ordination, simony, monasteries, sacred relics, clerical conduct, mixed monasteries and the restoration of ecclesiastical order after iconoclasm.", "period": "ancient", "sources": [ { "label": "Henry R. Percival, The Seven Ecumenical Councils (NPNF II.14, public-domain edition)", "url": "https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.html", "type": "public-domain-text" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented; 1 local source volume available and listed separately from reader texts. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Dogmatic definition (horos) on sacred images", "Acts of the sessions", "Patristic florilegium", "Canons 1–22", "Synodal letter and correspondence with Pope Hadrian I" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 1, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-7" }, { "n": 8, "name": "Constantinople IV", "year": "869–870", "place": "Constantinople", "participants": "Emperor Basil I; 102 bishops at final session", "dispute": "Photian conflict and ecclesiastical order", "definitions": "Condemnation of Photius in the Roman enumeration; 27 canons", "link": "lexicon-ecumenical-council.html", "short": "The Roman enumeration received the council that judged the Photian conflict and ecclesiastical order.", "sessions": "Ten sessions were held from 869 to 870. The assembly reviewed rival patriarchal claims, episcopal depositions and the limits of imperial intervention in ecclesiastical governance.", "actors": "Papal legates of Hadrian II, Emperor Basil I, Ignatius of Constantinople, Photius and Eastern bishops.", "documents": "Twenty-seven canons; acts concerning Ignatius and Photius; professions of faith and ecclesiastical obedience.", "legacy": "Its ecumenical status is maintained in the Catholic enumeration, while the Orthodox tradition associates the later council of 879–880 with the restoration of Photius.", "slug": "constantinople-iv", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Its ecclesiological and disciplinary judgments are authoritative within the Catholic enumeration; individual canons must be read according to their object and later law.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Twenty-seven canons; acts concerning Ignatius and Photius; professions of faith and ecclesiastical obedience.", "anathemas": "Condemnations in the acts focus on Photius and those who rejected the settlement; exact formulas should be quoted from the imported acts rather than paraphrased.", "convocation": "Convoked by Emperor Basil I after the deposition of Photius and restoration of Ignatius. Legates of Pope Hadrian II participated under Roman conditions for reunion.", "pope": "Hadrian II approved the proceedings through his legates and required signatures to the Roman formula concerning the Photian dispute.", "politics": "The council addressed a patriarchal succession crisis intertwined with imperial changes, Roman-Constantinopolitan relations and missionary jurisdiction.", "positions": "The dispute concerned the legitimacy of Ignatius’s deposition, Photius’s rapid elevation, appeals to Rome and the boundaries of secular intervention in ecclesiastical office.", "confirmation": "Received in the Catholic Church as the eighth ecumenical council. The later synod of 879–880 and its different Eastern reception must be distinguished historically.", "canonsDetail": "Twenty-seven canons address episcopal elections, secular coercion, ecclesiastical trials, patriarchal order, sacred images, clerical conduct and the Photian settlement.", "period": "ancient", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Definition of faith and ecclesiastical settlement", "Acts concerning Ignatius and Photius", "Canons 1–27", "Professions of faith and obedience", "Papal and imperial correspondence" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-8" }, { "n": 9, "name": "Lateran I", "year": "1123", "place": "Rome", "participants": "Callistus II; c. 300 bishops and abbots", "dispute": "Investiture controversy and Church discipline", "definitions": "Ratification of Worms settlement; clerical and ecclesiastical reform canons", "link": "lexicon-council-of-lateran-i.html", "short": "The Worms settlement was received and Latin ecclesiastical discipline reformed.", "sessions": "Lateran I met in Rome in 1123, the first ecumenical council held in the West. It confirmed the resolution of the investiture struggle and enacted a broad disciplinary programme.", "actors": "Pope Callistus II, bishops and abbots from the Latin Church, and representatives shaped by the Concordat of Worms.", "documents": "Canons on investiture, simony, clerical marriage, church property, crusaders and the Peace of God.", "legacy": "The council marked the papacy’s restored capacity to convoke a universal Western assembly after the Gregorian reform conflict.", "slug": "lateran-i", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Primarily disciplinary. Its canons contributed to the developing corpus of medieval canon law.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Canons on investiture, simony, clerical marriage, church property, crusaders and the Peace of God.", "anathemas": "Penal clauses accompany several disciplinary canons; a full canon-by-canon transcription awaits the source corpus.", "convocation": "Convoked and presided over by Pope Callistus II in the Lateran basilica after the Concordat of Worms.", "pope": "The pope was personally present and promulgated the conciliar discipline.", "politics": "The council translated the compromise ending the acute investiture conflict into a wider programme of ecclesiastical reform.", "positions": "The settlement distinguished the spiritual act of ecclesiastical investiture from the temporal rights attached to offices, while reformers continued opposition to simony and clerical marriage.", "confirmation": "Papal presidency and promulgation were intrinsic to the council’s juridical form.", "canonsDetail": "Canons concern simony, ordinations by schismatics, clerical continence, church property, lay investiture, crusader protection and public peace.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Canons 1–22", "Reception of the Concordat of Worms", "Decrees concerning investiture, simony, clerical discipline, church property and crusaders" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-9" }, { "n": 10, "name": "Lateran II", "year": "1139", "place": "Rome", "participants": "Innocent II; perhaps c. 500–1,000 prelates", "dispute": "Schism of Anacletus II; clerical and sacramental discipline", "definitions": "Condemnation of schismatic ordinations; 30 reform canons", "link": "lexicon-council-of-lateran-ii.html", "short": "The schism of Anacletus II was closed and a substantial reform code enacted.", "sessions": "Lateran II met in April 1139 after the end of the papal schism. It combined the settlement of disputed ordinations with legislation on clergy, sacraments, warfare and ecclesiastical property.", "actors": "Pope Innocent II, Bernard of Clairvaux, bishops, abbots and former adherents of the rival obedience.", "documents": "Thirty canons, including measures against simony, clerical marriage, violent tournaments and certain heretical movements.", "legacy": "The council consolidated papal unity and extended the legal programme of the twelfth-century reform papacy.", "slug": "lateran-ii", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Its decrees are disciplinary, though some restate doctrinal or sacramental principles.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Thirty canons, including measures against simony, clerical marriage, violent tournaments and certain heretical movements.", "anathemas": "Canonical penalties attach to schism, heresy and grave disciplinary offences; precise clauses will be inserted from the imported text.", "convocation": "Convoked and presided over by Pope Innocent II after the death of the rival claimant Anacletus II.", "pope": "Innocent II personally directed the council and its settlement of the schism.", "politics": "The end of the rival obedience allowed the papacy to address disputed ordinations, reform and public order.", "positions": "The council rejected the rival obedience and enacted reform against simony, clerical marriage, usury, violent tournaments and heterodox movements.", "confirmation": "Papal presidency and promulgation supplied immediate confirmation.", "canonsDetail": "Thirty canons regulate clergy, benefices, ordinations, marriage, sacramental discipline, warfare, usury and church property.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Canons 1–30", "Decrees ending the schism of Anacletus II", "Reform legislation on clergy, ecclesiastical property, violence and heresy" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-10" }, { "n": 11, "name": "Lateran III", "year": "1179", "place": "Rome", "participants": "Alexander III; c. 300 bishops", "dispute": "Papal elections, Waldensians and Albigensians, discipline", "definitions": "Two-thirds rule for papal election; 27 canons", "link": "lexicon-council-of-lateran-iii.html", "short": "A two-thirds majority was fixed for papal elections and disciplinary reform continued.", "sessions": "Lateran III met in March 1179 after the peace between Alexander III and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. It addressed elections, schism, education and emerging heresies.", "actors": "Pope Alexander III, roughly three hundred bishops, abbots and representatives from the Latin kingdoms.", "documents": "Twenty-seven canons; the two-thirds rule for papal election; provisions for cathedral schools; measures against Cathars and armed violence.", "legacy": "Its electoral canon became a lasting constitutional element of the Roman Church and its reform measures shaped later canon law.", "slug": "lateran-iii", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Primarily disciplinary. The two-thirds electoral rule had enduring constitutional force until later papal legislation modified the conclave system.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Twenty-seven canons; the two-thirds rule for papal election; provisions for cathedral schools; measures against Cathars and armed violence.", "anathemas": "The council imposed ecclesiastical penalties on heretical groups and those who protected or employed violent bands.", "convocation": "Convoked and presided over by Pope Alexander III after the Peace of Venice ended the imperially supported schism.", "pope": "Alexander III personally presided and promulgated the canons.", "politics": "The council consolidated papal unity after conflict with Frederick Barbarossa and rival claimants.", "positions": "It addressed disputed papal elections, simony, pluralism, education, clerical discipline, Cathar movements and private warfare.", "confirmation": "Immediate through papal presidency and promulgation.", "canonsDetail": "Twenty-seven canons include the two-thirds majority for papal election, cathedral schools, restrictions on fees, clerical conduct and measures against heresy and mercenary violence.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Canons 1–27", "Canon 1 on a two-thirds majority for papal elections", "Reform canons on benefices, schools, heresy, military orders and ecclesiastical discipline" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-11" }, { "n": 12, "name": "Lateran IV", "year": "1215", "place": "Rome", "participants": "Innocent III; over 400 bishops, c. 800 abbots and representatives", "dispute": "Cathars, sacramental doctrine, crusade, reform", "definitions": "Transubstantiation terminology; annual confession and communion; 70 constitutions", "link": "lexicon-council-of-lateran-iv.html", "short": "The high medieval synthesis of doctrine, sacramental discipline and ecclesial reform.", "sessions": "Lateran IV met in November 1215 in three solemn sessions. The scale of attendance and breadth of legislation made it the most representative Western council before Trent.", "actors": "Pope Innocent III, more than four hundred bishops, hundreds of abbots, cathedral chapters and envoys of Christian rulers.", "documents": "Seventy constitutions, including Firmiter on the faith and the Eucharist, Omnis utriusque sexus on annual confession, crusade legislation and reform canons.", "legacy": "The council fixed enduring terminology for transubstantiation, strengthened pastoral discipline and deeply influenced the medieval canonical tradition.", "slug": "lateran-iv", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Firmiter contains dogmatic teaching; other constitutions range from doctrinal restatement to universal ecclesiastical discipline.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Seventy constitutions, including Firmiter on the faith and the Eucharist, Omnis utriusque sexus on annual confession, crusade legislation and reform canons.", "anathemas": "Firmiter condemns heretical doctrines and the disciplinary corpus establishes penalties for heretics and their protectors.", "convocation": "Convoked, presided over and directed by Pope Innocent III; bishops, abbots, cathedral representatives and secular envoys attended in exceptional numbers.", "pope": "Innocent III personally framed the programme and promulgated the seventy constitutions.", "politics": "The council aimed at comprehensive reform of Christian society, defence of the faith, recovery of the Holy Land and pastoral renewal.", "positions": "Firmiter rejected Cathar dualism and defined Catholic teaching on creation, the Incarnation, the Church and the Eucharist. Other constitutions addressed pastoral care, discipline and crusade policy.", "confirmation": "Immediate through papal presidency and promulgation.", "canonsDetail": "Seventy constitutions cover faith, the Eucharist, annual confession and Communion, episcopal visitation, preaching, schools, marriage impediments, Jews and Muslims, crusade obligations and reform.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Constitution Firmiter credimus", "Constitution Damnamus", "Constitution on the Greek Church", "Canons/constitutions 1–71", "Profession and disciplinary decrees concerning sacraments, preaching, confession, episcopal government, heresy, Jews and crusade" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-12" }, { "n": 13, "name": "Lyons I", "year": "1245", "place": "Lyons", "participants": "Innocent IV; c. 150 bishops", "dispute": "Conflict with Frederick II and reform", "definitions": "Deposition of Frederick II; disciplinary decrees", "link": "lexicon-council-of-lyons-i.html", "short": "Frederick II was deposed by conciliar sentence and urgent reform questions considered.", "sessions": "Lyons I met in 1245 in a small number of solemn sessions during the conflict between Innocent IV and Emperor Frederick II. The political trial dominated the assembly.", "actors": "Pope Innocent IV, about one hundred and fifty bishops, Latin patriarchs, canonists and representatives of European rulers.", "documents": "Sentence against Frederick II; decrees on ecclesiastical liberty, the Holy Land and disciplinary reform.", "legacy": "The council illustrates the medieval interpenetration of papal, imperial and conciliar authority and remains central to debates about the juridical form of deposition.", "slug": "lyons-i", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The disciplinary decrees and papal sentence are juridical acts, not dogmatic definitions. Their historical and canonical evaluation requires the complete acts.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Sentence against Frederick II; decrees on ecclesiastical liberty, the Holy Land and disciplinary reform.", "anathemas": "The sentence and penalties against Frederick II must be quoted from the source text; no simplified universal doctrine of deposition should be inferred from the page summary.", "convocation": "Convoked and presided over by Pope Innocent IV after his flight from conflict with Emperor Frederick II.", "pope": "Innocent IV personally conducted the council and pronounced the sentence against Frederick.", "politics": "The central issue was the constitutional conflict between papal liberty and imperial power, alongside the crisis in the Holy Land.", "positions": "The papal case alleged perjury, sacrilege, violation of ecclesiastical liberty and other offences; imperial representatives contested the competence and justice of the proceeding.", "confirmation": "The pope promulgated the decrees in council.", "canonsDetail": "Decrees concern the imperial conflict, ecclesiastical liberty, financial support for the Holy Land and reform.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Opening and procedural acts", "Sentence deposing Emperor Frederick II", "Twenty-two constitutions on ecclesiastical liberty, reform and the Holy Land", "Papal letters of convocation and promulgation" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-13" }, { "n": 14, "name": "Lyons II", "year": "1274", "place": "Lyons", "participants": "Gregory X; c. 500 bishops, Byzantine delegates", "dispute": "Union with Greeks, Filioque, conclave reform", "definitions": "Temporary reunion formula; teaching on procession and purgation; conclave constitution", "link": "lexicon-council-of-lyons-ii.html", "short": "Union with the Greeks was proclaimed, the Filioque explained and conclave reform enacted.", "sessions": "Lyons II met from May to July 1274 in six sessions. It joined a major Western reform programme with Byzantine negotiations and preparations for the Holy Land.", "actors": "Pope Gregory X, Bonaventure, about five hundred bishops, Byzantine envoys and representatives of Christian rulers.", "documents": "Profession of Greek union; teaching on the procession of the Holy Ghost and post-mortem purification; Ubi periculum on papal conclaves; reform constitutions.", "legacy": "The reunion proved temporary, but the council’s language on procession, purgation and papal election had lasting doctrinal and canonical importance.", "slug": "lyons-ii", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Doctrinal statements in the union profession and constitutions have their proper magisterial object; Ubi periculum is disciplinary legislation.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Profession of Greek union; teaching on the procession of the Holy Ghost and post-mortem purification; Ubi periculum on papal conclaves; reform constitutions.", "anathemas": "The council’s doctrinal and disciplinary penalties require quotation from the imported acts; the page does not invent a generalized list.", "convocation": "Convoked and presided over by Pope Gregory X with a programme of reunion, crusade preparation and Church reform.", "pope": "Gregory X personally presided. Papal authority is explicit in the union decree and the conclave constitution Ubi periculum.", "politics": "Byzantine Emperor Michael VIII sought reunion partly to secure political protection; Western rulers and mendicant theologians participated in broader reform discussions.", "positions": "Latin and Greek delegations treated the Filioque, purgation after death, Roman primacy and the conditions of ecclesial union.", "confirmation": "Promulgated by Gregory X in council.", "canonsDetail": "Constitutions address papal elections, crusade finance, reform, mendicant orders and ecclesiastical government.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Profession of faith and decree of union with the Greeks", "Constitution on the procession of the Holy Ghost", "Teaching on purgatory and the last things in the union formula", "Constitutions 1–31", "Ubi periculum on the papal conclave", "Crusade and reform decrees" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-14" }, { "n": 15, "name": "Vienne", "year": "1311–1312", "place": "Vienne", "participants": "Clement V; c. 300 bishops", "dispute": "Templars, Beguines, poverty controversies", "definitions": "Suppression of the Templars administratively; doctrinal and reform decrees", "link": "lexicon-council-of-vienne.html", "short": "The Templar order was suppressed administratively and questions of poverty and reform judged.", "sessions": "Vienne met from 1311 to 1312 in three principal periods. The council received the vast Templar dossier, debated reform and addressed disputed spiritual movements.", "actors": "Pope Clement V, King Philip IV of France, approximately three hundred bishops and representatives of religious orders.", "documents": "Vox in excelso suppressing the Templars without a dogmatic condemnation of the order as such; Ad providam on its property; doctrinal and reform decrees later collected in the Clementines.", "legacy": "Vienne remains a key case for distinguishing judicial proof, prudential suppression, political pressure and doctrinal judgment.", "slug": "vienne", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The suppression was a prudential-juridical act. Other decrees include doctrinal judgments and disciplinary reform; each text must be classified separately.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Vox in excelso suppressing the Templars without a dogmatic condemnation of the order as such; Ad providam on its property; doctrinal and reform decrees later collected in the Clementines.", "anathemas": "Doctrinal condemnations concern specified errors; the Templar order was suppressed without a blanket dogmatic condemnation in the form often popularly alleged.", "convocation": "Convoked and presided over by Pope Clement V at Vienne, with strong political pressure from King Philip IV of France.", "pope": "Clement V personally directed the council and issued the decisive bulls concerning the Templars.", "politics": "The Templar process, French royal pressure, reform, crusade plans and debates about evangelical poverty shaped the proceedings.", "positions": "Evidence against the Templars was disputed. Clement suppressed the order by administrative provision rather than issuing a dogmatic declaration that the order as such had been judicially convicted of heresy.", "confirmation": "Papal bulls promulgated the settlement and transferred property under specified conditions.", "canonsDetail": "The Clementine decrees treat the Templars, Beguines and Beghards, Franciscan poverty controversies, university language studies, ecclesiastical administration and reform.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Vox in excelso suppressing the Knights Templar", "Ad providam concerning Templar property", "Fidei catholicae on the soul and baptism", "Exivi de paradiso on the Franciscan Rule", "Doctrinal and reform constitutions incorporated into the Clementines", "Acts concerning the Templars and ecclesiastical reform" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-15" }, { "n": 16, "name": "Constance", "year": "1414–1418", "place": "Constance", "participants": "John XXIII, Gregory XII, Martin V; cardinals, bishops, theologians, nations", "dispute": "Western Schism, Hus and Wyclif, conciliarism", "definitions": "End of Western Schism; condemnation of Husite propositions; reform acts confirmed by Martin V where papally approved", "link": "lexicon-council-of-constance.html", "short": "The Western Schism was ended, Husite propositions condemned and a programme of regular councils proposed.", "sessions": "Constance sat from 1414 to 1418 through forty-five public sessions. It secured resignations or depositions in the rival obediences and elected Martin V.", "actors": "John XXIII, Gregory XII, Benedict XIII, Emperor Sigismund, Martin V, cardinals, bishops, theologians and the council’s national delegations.", "documents": "Acts ending the schism; condemnation of propositions of Wyclif and Hus; Frequens; Haec sancta, whose authority and later reception require precise qualification; decrees confirmed by Martin V.", "legacy": "The council restored papal unity but left a complex legacy concerning conciliarism, papal confirmation and the theological status of individual sessions.", "slug": "constance", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The acts ending the schism and doctrinal condemnations confirmed by the pope are authoritative. Conciliarist texts require careful theological and canonical qualification.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Acts ending the schism; condemnation of propositions of Wyclif and Hus; Frequens; Haec sancta, whose authority and later reception require precise qualification; decrees confirmed by Martin V.", "anathemas": "Condemned propositions are numerous and must be read in their exact censures and contexts; the source corpus will supply full lists.", "convocation": "Convoked in the context of the Council of Pisa’s legacy by John XXIII with Emperor Sigismund; its legitimacy and continuity were regularized through the Roman line and the election of Martin V.", "pope": "Gregory XII convoked and authorized a session through his representatives before resigning. Martin V later confirmed conciliar decrees in a qualified manner, not every proposition or act indiscriminately.", "politics": "The overriding objective was to end the Western Schism while addressing reform and the cases of Wyclif and Hus.", "positions": "The council confronted three obediences and debated whether a council possesses authority over a pope. Haec sancta became central to later conciliarist claims, but its status cannot be isolated from the council’s irregular phases and papal confirmation.", "confirmation": "Martin V confirmed what had been done conciliariter in matters of faith in the qualified terms of his final approval. This does not amount to blanket confirmation of every session or theory.", "canonsDetail": "Major acts include the schism settlement, condemnations of Wyclif and Hus, Frequens on future councils, reform measures and the papal election.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Acts resolving the Western Schism", "Condemnation of propositions attributed to John Wyclif", "Condemnation and sentence concerning Jan Hus", "Decree on communion under one kind", "Haec sancta", "Frequens", "Decrees and concordats confirmed by Martin V", "Inter cunctas and the articles for examining Wycliffites and Hussites" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-16" }, { "n": 17, "name": "Florence", "year": "1431–1445", "place": "Basel, Ferrara, Florence, Rome", "participants": "Eugene IV; Latin and Eastern delegations", "dispute": "Union with Greeks and Eastern Churches; Filioque, purgatory, papal primacy, sacraments", "definitions": "Decrees of union, especially Laetentur caeli and Exsultate Deo", "link": "lexicon-council-of-florence.html", "short": "Decrees of union treated the Filioque, purgatory, papal primacy and the sacraments.", "sessions": "The assembly moved from Basel to Ferrara, Florence and Rome between 1431 and 1445. Its most famous phase brought Latin and Greek theologians into sustained doctrinal disputation.", "actors": "Pope Eugene IV, Emperor John VIII Palaiologos, Patriarch Joseph II, Cardinal Bessarion, Mark of Ephesus and delegations of several Eastern churches.", "documents": "Laetentur caeli for the Greeks; Exsultate Deo for the Armenians; Cantate Domino for the Copts; decrees for Syrians and Chaldeans.", "legacy": "Most unions did not endure politically, but the decrees remain major Catholic witnesses on East-West doctrinal questions and sacramental theology.", "slug": "florence", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The decrees contain solemn doctrinal teaching and ecclesial union formulas. Their exact scope must be read according to each decree and the conditions of the represented churches.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Laetentur caeli for the Greeks; Exsultate Deo for the Armenians; Cantate Domino for the Copts; decrees for Syrians and Chaldeans.", "anathemas": "Cantate Domino contains strong exclusionary formulations in its historical context; full quotation and interpretation require the complete official text.", "convocation": "The council began at Basel under papal authority and was transferred by Pope Eugene IV to Ferrara, then Florence and Rome. The Catholic ecumenical continuation is the papally presided assembly after transfer.", "pope": "Eugene IV presided through legates and personally promulgated the decrees of union.", "politics": "Byzantine need for Western aid against Ottoman expansion made possible prolonged theological negotiation, while the Basel conflict raised questions of conciliarism and papal authority.", "positions": "Latin and Eastern theologians disputed the procession of the Holy Ghost, purgatory, unleavened bread, the form of sacramental rites and Roman primacy.", "confirmation": "The union decrees were promulgated by Eugene IV in council.", "canonsDetail": "The principal corpus consists of decrees of union rather than a single numerical canon code.", "period": "medieval", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Laetentur caeli: decree of union with the Greeks", "Exsultate Deo: decree for the Armenians", "Cantate Domino: decree for the Copts/Jacobites", "Decrees of union for Syrians, Chaldeans and Maronites", "Bull of union with the Greeks and related session acts", "Definitions on the Filioque, purgatory, primacy and sacraments" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-17" }, { "n": 18, "name": "Lateran V", "year": "1512–1517", "place": "Rome", "participants": "Julius II and Leo X; c. 115 bishops at opening", "dispute": "Conciliarism, reform, preaching, philosophical errors", "definitions": "Condemnation of denial of the soul’s immortality; reform decrees", "link": "lexicon-council-of-lateran-v.html", "short": "Conciliarism and errors about the soul were condemned amid an incomplete reform effort.", "sessions": "Lateran V met in twelve sessions from 1512 to 1517. It answered the schismatic council of Pisa and attempted reform shortly before the Protestant Reformation.", "actors": "Popes Julius II and Leo X, cardinals, bishops, religious superiors and theologians of the Roman Curia.", "documents": "Apostolici regiminis on the immortality and individuality of the rational soul; Inter sollicitudines on printing; decrees on preaching, benefices, pawn banks and reform.", "legacy": "The council defended important principles but failed to produce the depth of reform later undertaken at Trent.", "slug": "lateran-v", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Apostolici regiminis contains doctrinal teaching; many other decrees are disciplinary or prudential.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Apostolici regiminis on the immortality and individuality of the rational soul; Inter sollicitudines on printing; decrees on preaching, benefices, pawn banks and reform.", "anathemas": "The doctrinal decree rejects positions denying the soul’s immortality or asserting one soul for all human beings.", "convocation": "Convoked by Pope Julius II against the council of Pisa and continued under Pope Leo X.", "pope": "Julius II opened the council; Leo X presided over most sessions and promulgated its principal decrees.", "politics": "The council operated amid Italian wars, rival dynastic interests, calls for reform and the immediate prehistory of the Protestant Reformation.", "positions": "It rejected conciliarist opposition, defended the immortality and individuality of the rational soul, regulated preaching and printing, and attempted institutional reform.", "confirmation": "Promulgated by the reigning popes in council.", "canonsDetail": "Decrees address the Pisa assembly, curial and benefice reform, preaching, censorship and printing, pawn banks, episcopal administration and plans for peace and crusade.", "period": "modern", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 1, "fullTextStatus": "1 verified council-level text corpus available; individual inventory titles are not automatically treated as separately segmented. Readable local languages: en.", "documentInventory": [ "Apostolici regiminis on the rational soul", "Inter sollicitudines on printed books", "Supernae dispositionis arbitrio and reform decrees", "Decrees on preaching, benefices, curial and monastic reform", "Acts of the twelve sessions" ], "readerTextCount": 1, "documentReaderCount": 0, "councilCorpusCount": 1, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 0, "readerLanguages": [ "en" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-18" }, { "n": 19, "name": "Trent", "year": "1545–1563", "place": "Trent and Bologna", "participants": "Paul III, Julius III, Pius IV; 255 signatories at conclusion", "dispute": "Protestant doctrines, Scripture and Tradition, justification, sacraments, Mass, reform", "definitions": "Decrees on canon and tradition, original sin, justification, seven sacraments, Eucharist, sacrifice of the Mass, orders, marriage, purgatory; major reform decrees", "link": "lexicon-council-of-trent.html", "short": "The Catholic response to the Reformation defined doctrine and enacted comprehensive reform.", "sessions": "Trent met in twenty-five sessions across three periods: 1545–1547, 1551–1552 and 1562–1563, with an interval at Bologna. Its doctrinal decrees were paired with practical reform measures.", "actors": "Popes Paul III, Julius III and Pius IV; papal legates; bishops from Catholic Europe; theologians including Dominicans, Franciscans and Jesuits; imperial and royal ambassadors.", "documents": "Decrees on Scripture and Tradition, original sin, justification, sacraments, Eucharist, the sacrifice of the Mass, orders, marriage and purgatory; reform decrees; profession of faith and Roman Catechism in reception.", "legacy": "Trent shaped Catholic doctrine, seminary formation, episcopal residence, liturgical discipline and pastoral government for the early modern period.", "slug": "trent", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "Dogmatic decrees and canons with anathemas define doctrine; reform decrees are universal ecclesiastical discipline. Not every historical preface or practical measure has the same theological note.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Decrees on Scripture and Tradition, original sin, justification, sacraments, Eucharist, the sacrifice of the Mass, orders, marriage and purgatory; reform decrees; profession of faith and Roman Catechism in reception.", "anathemas": "The doctrinal canons employ “anathema sit” against precisely formulated errors. They must be quoted canon by canon rather than reduced to slogans.", "convocation": "Convoked by Pope Paul III, continued by Julius III and reconvened for completion by Pius IV. Papal legates presided throughout.", "pope": "The popes did not normally sit in the council hall; their legates directed sessions under papal mandates. Pius IV confirmed the decrees in the bull Benedictus Deus (1564).", "politics": "Imperial, French, Spanish and Italian interests affected attendance and timing, while the doctrinal challenge of Protestant reform and the need for internal Catholic reform governed the agenda.", "positions": "The council answered sola Scriptura, Protestant accounts of original sin and justification, reductions in sacramental number or efficacy, denials of the Real Presence and sacrificial Mass, and abuses in ecclesiastical discipline.", "confirmation": "Pius IV confirmed the complete conciliar decrees and reserved their authoritative interpretation to the Apostolic See.", "canonsDetail": "The twenty-five sessions contain decrees and canons on Scripture and Tradition, sin, justification, sacraments, Eucharist, penance, extreme unction, Mass, orders, marriage, purgatory, saints and images, indulgences, and extensive reform.", "period": "modern", "sources": [ { "label": "The Canons and Decrees of the Council of Trent (public-domain scan)", "url": "https://archive.org/details/cu31924029369760", "type": "public-domain-scan" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 25, "fullTextStatus": "25 document-level segmented reader texts available; 2 local source volumes available and listed separately from reader texts; 50 identified local source editions indexed. Readable local languages: en, la.", "documentInventory": [ "Session 1: Opening of the Council", "Session 2: Conduct and discipline during the Council", "Session 3: Profession of the Nicene Faith", "Session 4: Scripture, Apostolic Traditions and the Vulgate", "Session 5: Original Sin and the First Decree of Reform", "Session 6: Justification and Reform", "Session 7: The Sacraments in General, Baptism and Confirmation", "Session 8: Translation of the Council to Bologna", "Session 9: Prorogation at Bologna", "Session 10: Prorogation of the Session", "Session 11: Prorogation after the Resumption", "Session 12: Prorogation and Preparation of Doctrine", "Session 13: The Most Holy Eucharist and Reform", "Session 14: Penance, Extreme Unction and Reform", "Session 15: Safe-conduct and Prorogation", "Session 16: Suspension of the Council", "Session 17: Resumption under Pius IV", "Session 18: The Index of Books and Safe-conduct", "Session 19: Prorogation of the Session", "Session 20: Prorogation of the Session", "Session 21: Communion under Both Kinds, Communion of Children and Reform", "Session 22: The Sacrifice of the Mass and Reform", "Session 23: The Sacrament of Order and Reform", "Session 24: The Sacrament of Matrimony and Reform", "Session 25: Purgatory, Saints, Relics, Images, Religious Life, Indulgences and the Conclusion", "Complete Latin Canones et Decreta", "Waterworth public-domain English edition", "Bull Benedictus Deus confirming the council", "Profession of Faith of Pius IV as a principal instrument of reception" ], "readerTextCount": 25, "documentReaderCount": 25, "councilCorpusCount": 0, "sourceVolumeCount": 2, "sourceEditionCount": 50, "readerLanguages": [ "en", "la" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-19" }, { "n": 20, "name": "Vatican I", "year": "1869–1870", "place": "Rome", "participants": "Pius IX; c. 700 bishops attended", "dispute": "Faith and reason, revelation, Church, papal primacy and infallibility", "definitions": "Dei Filius; Pastor aeternus; primacy and ex cathedra infallibility", "link": "lexicon-council-of-vatican-i.html", "short": "Faith and reason, revelation, papal primacy and ex cathedra infallibility were defined.", "sessions": "Vatican I met from December 1869 until the suspension of the council in 1870 after the capture of Rome. Debate centred especially on the constitution of the Church and the scope of papal authority.", "actors": "Pope Pius IX, about seven hundred bishops, the deputations de fide and de ecclesia, and prominent majority and minority theologians.", "documents": "Dei Filius on God, revelation, faith and reason; Pastor aeternus on papal primacy and infallibility; conciliar canons with anathemas.", "legacy": "The council gave precise limits and conditions to papal infallibility while leaving a broader treatment of episcopacy and the Church unfinished.", "slug": "vatican-i", "sourceStatus": "Expanded editorial dossier based on established historical data. Exact full acts, decree texts and session transcripts are imported separately and are never reconstructed from summaries.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The dogmatic constitutions and attached canons are solemn magisterial acts. The unfinished schemas possess no conciliar authority merely because they were drafted.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Dei Filius on God, revelation, faith and reason; Pastor aeternus on papal primacy and infallibility; conciliar canons with anathemas.", "anathemas": "Both constitutions attach anathemas to carefully stated denials; the full formulas should be displayed from the official Latin and authorized translations.", "convocation": "Convoked and presided over by Pope Pius IX in St Peter’s Basilica. Conciliar deputations prepared texts and reported amendments from the fathers.", "pope": "Pius IX promulgated Dei Filius and Pastor aeternus as conciliar constitutions.", "politics": "The council met amid European nationalism, the Roman Question, rationalism and the approaching military seizure of Rome, which caused suspension before completion of the ecclesiology schema.", "positions": "Dei Filius opposed rationalism, fideism and errors concerning revelation and faith. Pastor aeternus treated the primacy of jurisdiction and the narrowly conditioned charism of ex cathedra infallibility.", "confirmation": "The constitutions were solemnly promulgated by Pius IX with the approval of the council fathers.", "canonsDetail": "Dei Filius contains four chapters and canons on God, revelation, faith and faith-reason. Pastor aeternus contains four chapters on Petrine institution, permanence, jurisdiction and infallibility.", "period": "modern", "sources": [ { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 2, "fullTextStatus": "2 document-level segmented reader texts available; 1 local source volume available and listed separately from reader texts; 6 identified local source editions indexed. Readable local languages: en, it, la.", "documentInventory": [ "Dei Filius: Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith", "Pastor aeternus: First Dogmatic Constitution on the Church of Christ", "Canons and anathemas attached to Dei Filius", "Acts of the four public sessions", "Papal convocation, prorogation and confirmation documents" ], "readerTextCount": 2, "documentReaderCount": 2, "councilCorpusCount": 0, "sourceVolumeCount": 1, "sourceEditionCount": 6, "readerLanguages": [ "en", "it", "la" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-20" }, { "n": 21, "name": "Vatican II", "year": "1962–1965", "place": "Rome", "participants": "John XXIII and Paul VI; over 2,600 council fathers", "dispute": "Church, revelation, liturgy, ecumenism, religious liberty, modern world", "definitions": "Four constitutions, nine decrees, three declarations; pastoral and doctrinal teaching without new dogmatic definitions", "link": "lexicon-council-of-vatican-ii.html", "short": "Sixteen documents treated the Church, revelation, liturgy, ecumenism, religious liberty and the modern world.", "sessions": "Vatican II met in four annual periods from 1962 to 1965. Drafts prepared before the council were extensively revised through episcopal interventions, commissions and papal direction.", "actors": "Popes John XXIII and Paul VI, more than 2,600 council fathers, periti, observers and representatives of Eastern Catholic churches.", "documents": "Four constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations, including Sacrosanctum Concilium, Lumen gentium, Dei Verbum, Gaudium et spes, Unitatis redintegratio and Dignitatis humanae.", "legacy": "The council’s interpretation requires attention to genre, degree of authority, continuity with prior doctrine, subsequent magisterial clarification and the distinction between texts and post-conciliar implementation.", "slug": "vatican-ii", "sourceStatus": "16 local full-text source records available. Editorial summaries remain distinct from the imported source texts.", "papalConfirmation": "", "authority": "The documents differ by genre and object. The council did not define new dogmas through canons with anathemas, but it exercised the supreme magisterium in doctrinal and pastoral forms requiring differentiated assent.", "formulae": "", "canons": "Four constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations, including Sacrosanctum Concilium, Lumen gentium, Dei Verbum, Gaudium et spes, Unitatis redintegratio and Dignitatis humanae.", "anathemas": "No new conciliar anathema formulas were issued. This absence does not make the teaching non-magisterial; it affects genre and mode, not the fact of authoritative teaching.", "convocation": "Convoked by Pope John XXIII and continued by Pope Paul VI. The council met in four periods with general congregations, commissions, public sessions and papal promulgation.", "pope": "John XXIII opened the council and approved its initial direction; Paul VI continued it, participated in decisive revisions and promulgated every final document.", "politics": "The council met amid post-war reconstruction, decolonization, the Cold War, modern communications, ecumenical initiatives and rapid social change.", "positions": "Debates concerned revelation and Tradition, episcopal collegiality and papal primacy, liturgical reform, the relation of the Church to other Christians and religions, religious liberty, and engagement with the modern world.", "confirmation": "Each document was approved by the council fathers and promulgated by Paul VI. The official Latin texts are normative.", "canonsDetail": "The corpus contains four constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations rather than a numbered canon code.", "period": "modern", "sources": [ { "label": "Holy See — official documents of the Second Vatican Council", "url": "https://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/index.htm", "type": "official-text" }, { "label": "C. J. Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church (public-domain historical source; volumes gathered by importer)", "url": "https://archive.org/search?query=creator%3A%22Hefele%2C+Karl+Joseph+von%2C+1809-1893%22+history+councils", "type": "public-domain-history" } ], "fullTextCount": 16, "fullTextStatus": "16 document-level segmented reader texts available; 112 identified local source editions indexed. Readable local languages: de, en, es, fr, it, la, pt.", "documentInventory": [ "Sacrosanctum Concilium", "Inter mirifica", "Lumen gentium", "Orientalium Ecclesiarum", "Unitatis redintegratio", "Christus Dominus", "Perfectae caritatis", "Optatam totius", "Gravissimum educationis", "Nostra aetate", "Dei Verbum", "Apostolicam actuositatem", "Dignitatis humanae", "Ad gentes", "Presbyterorum ordinis", "Gaudium et spes" ], "readerTextCount": 16, "documentReaderCount": 16, "councilCorpusCount": 0, "sourceVolumeCount": 0, "sourceEditionCount": 112, "readerLanguages": [ "de", "en", "es", "fr", "it", "la", "pt" ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json#council-21" } ], "sourceReconciliation": "assets/data/council-acta-reconciliation.json" }